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February 2014

Thursday, 27 February 2014

Tuesday, 25 February 2014

9. What is degenerate mode in waveguide.


In a waveguide when two or more modes have the same cut off frequency then they are said to be degenerate modes. In a rectangular waveguide the TEmn and TMmn with m ≠ 0 and n ≠ 0 are degenerate modes. For a square waveguide for which a = b, all the TEpq, TEqp, TMpq, TMqp modes are degenerat...

Sunday, 23 February 2014

8. what is dominant mode in waveguides


For a waveguide the dominant mode is the mode with the lowest cut off frequency. Single mode propagation reduce losses, so we use dominant mode propagation.The waveguide can be operated only in the dominant mode for a certain range of frequency, this range of frequency extend from cut off frequency...

7. what are modes in waveguides


Lets explain what are modes in waveguide mean.For every type of waveguide the electromagnetic waves inside the waveguide can have an infinite number of distinct electromagnetic field patterns or configurations, these distribution of electric and magnetic fields in a waveguide is called modes. The...

Friday, 21 February 2014

6. What is a waveguide. Explain?


A wave-guide is a hollow conducting pipe, of uniform cross-section, used to transport high frequency electromagnetic waves (generally, in the microwave band) from one point to another. The main advantage of wave-guides is their relatively low level of radiation losses (since the electric and magnetic...

Monday, 17 February 2014

11. What are the Product Design Specifications (PDS) to develop a new electronic product?


PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION In order to provide specific guidance about how to design and engineer a product, development teams establish a set of specifications, which spell out in precise, measurable detail what the product has to do to be commercially successful. The specifications must reflect...

Thursday, 13 February 2014

5. Compare waveguides and two wire transmission lines


Here we are comparing waveguides and two wire transmission lines. ☞ For frequencies higher than 3 GHZ, the transmission of electromagnetic waves along transmission lines and cables is not possible because of high loss, here a metallic tube can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves. ☞ A hollow...

Tuesday, 11 February 2014

Microwave Engineering notes study material index


Hi everyone i am sharing my lecture notes on Microwave Engineering, these study material is as per CUSAT Syllabus but will be useful to all other universities. Check back frequently more Questions and materials will be added. ◈ 2-mark Questions and answers part 1 ◈ 2-mark Questions and answers part...

Monday, 10 February 2014

9. Identify how an electronic product should be launched & explain how customer needs are identified for new product.


Once a product is developed, effectively product launch becomes the critical step to its success. The Product Launch Process must address all the steps necessary to • Start volume production• Plan and execute marketing activities,• Develop needed documentation• Train sales and support personnel (internal...

7. Discuss the advantages of CAD. How CAD is different from CAM? Illustrate how design process is made simple with a CAD workstation?


COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (CAD) It is the use of computers to assist in the creation, modification and analysis of a product plan. CAD is a technology that interrelates with so many of other production...

Sunday, 9 February 2014

6. Discuss the target specification steps?


The target specifications are established after the customer needs have been identified but before the product concepts have been generated and most promising one(s) selected. The process of establishing the target specification contains four steps: 1. Prepare the list of metrics. 2. Collect competitive...

5. Define Science, Engineering & Technology. How requirement analysis of an electronic product is done?


Science : •Knowledge attained through study & practice. •Derived from the Latin word ‘scientia’ means ‘knowledge’. •Uses observation & experimentation to describe & explain natural phenomena. •Often describes any systematic field of study or the knowledge gained from it. •It seeks to...

4. In order to launch a new electronic product which is no-existing in the market, suggest the steps to be followed from the development of your idea to the final implementation of the product?


In order to design a product which is not existing in the market, we have to consider many factors and then implement it in a sequential way. Basically in product design , we’ve 5 different product-levels....

Electronic Product Design notes study material index


Hi I am sharing my lecture notes in Electronic Product Design,this study material is as per CUSAT syllabus also useful for all other universities Check back frequently, and bookmark this page , more questions and answers will be added.  1. What are the various dimensions of electronic product...

2. Explain the industrial design process in detail?


Industrial Design (ID) is the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and manufacturer. The industrial design process consists of the following phases: 1....

1. What are the various dimensions of electronic product design?


Lets explain the dimensions of electronic product design Design is the process by which the needs of the customer or marketplace are transformed into a product satisfying the needs.  So the various dimensions of electronic product design are (a) Scientific design (b)Industrial design (c)Engineering...

Saturday, 8 February 2014

4. what are the applications of microwaves.


Microwaves have a broad range of applications. The applications are in the areas listed below. 1.Telecommunications ☞ Intercontinental telephone and TV ☞ Space communication (Earth to space and space to earth) ☞ Radio astronomy ☞ Naviagation ☞ Wireless mobile communication 2.RADARS ☞ Detect aircraft ☞...

Thursday, 6 February 2014

3. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Microwaves.


Advantages of Microwaves: ✿ Microwave frequencies are extremely high.Hence they offer extremely high Bandwidth for communication channels. For example, a typical microwave communication channel can carry 4000 audio or 4 video channels. Only, optical communication channels have more Bandwidth than...

Wednesday, 5 February 2014

2. List various Microwave frequency bands as table


The various microwave frequency bands are listed below as a table : .tg {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} .tg td{font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;padding:10px 5px;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;overflow:hidden;word-break:normal;} .tg th{font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:normal;padding:10px...

Tuesday, 4 February 2014

1. Why Microwave is called Microwave?


Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with frequencies ranging between 300 MHZ and 300 GHZ (some sources say from 1 GHZ to 1000 GHZ for eg: Somanathan Nair textbook, In all cases microwave includes the entire SHF band). The prefix "micro-" in "microwave" is not meant to suggest a wavelength...